Computed with the same code as the observations under the main chart and in the API (get_insights). Moving together in time does not prove a cause.
How the indicators changed
Fertility (TFR): 5.59 in 1950 → 2.09 in 2023 (−63%). Peak: 5.86 in 1962; the latest value is 64% lower. Threshold: below 2.1 since 2023. The trend broke around 1966 and 1980: 0 → −0.24 → −0.01 a year.
Births: 8.61k in 1950 → 4.23k in 2023 (−51%). Peak: 11k in 1962; the latest value is 61% lower. The trend broke around 1966 and 1977: +0.16k → −0.3k → −0.06k a year.
Population: 216k in 1950 → 377k in 2023 (+75%). Peak: 421k in 1999; the latest value is 11% lower. The trend broke around 1960 and 2000: +6.47k → +3.5k → −0.91k a year.
What changed at the same time
The fastest decline of "Fertility (TFR)" was in 1968–1978: 5.22 → 2.58. Over the same years: births 10.5k → 6.57k; population 315k → 329k.
Over the last 10 years (2013–2023): fertility (TFR) 2.22 → 2.09; births 5.32k → 4.23k; population 408k → 377k.
Forecasts vs actual
Fertility (TFR): past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 0 of 11 revisions (1998–2022) and above in 11; median gap +8.8%.
Fertility (TFR): UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 1.89 (−10% vs 2023), 2100 — 1.78 (−15% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 1.28.
Births: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 10 of 11 revisions (1998–2022) and above in 1; median gap −17%.
The UN 2002 projection did not expect today's level (4.23k, 2023) before its horizon ended (2047).
The UN 2012 projection did not expect today's level (4.23k, 2023) before its horizon ended (2097).
Births: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 3.21k (−24% vs 2023), 2100 — 2.17k (−49% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 0.76k.
Population: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 12 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and above in none; median gap −22%.
Population: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 326k (−13% vs 2023), 2100 — 245k (−35% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 162k.
UN projections vs actual
Solid line: actual data, UN WPP 2024 estimates to 2023, then national statistics where comparable with the UN. Dashed: medium variants of past UN revisions. The table shows what each revision expected for the latest year (or five-year period) with actual data.
Population
persons, 1 July
Actual
UN 1998
UN 2000
UN 2002
UN 2004
UN 2006
UN 2008
UN 2010
UN 2012
UN 2015
UN 2017
UN 2019
UN 2022
UN 2024, medium
Release
Target period
Horizon
Expected
Actual
Actual vs expected
UN 1998
2023
25 years
563k
377k
−33.2%
UN 2000
2023
23 years
484k
377k
−22.3%
UN 2002
2023
21 years
483k
377k
−22%
UN 2004
2023
19 years
484k
377k
−22.3%
UN 2006
2023
17 years
478k
377k
−21.3%
UN 2008
2023
15 years
487k
377k
−22.7%
UN 2010
2023
13 years
484k
377k
−22.1%
UN 2012
2023
11 years
486k
377k
−22.5%
UN 2015
2023
8 years
482k
377k
−21.9%
UN 2017
2023
6 years
448k
377k
−15.9%
UN 2019
2023
4 years
400k
377k
−5.8%
UN 2022
2023
1 year
396k
377k
−4.9%
Births
births per year
Actual
UN 1998
UN 2000
UN 2002
UN 2004
UN 2006
UN 2008
UN 2010
UN 2012
UN 2015
UN 2017
UN 2019
UN 2022
UN 2024, medium
Release
Target period
Horizon
Expected
Actual
Actual vs expected
UN 1998
2015–2020
20 years
7.17k
4.88k
−31.9%
UN 2000
2015–2020
18 years
6k
4.88k
−18.7%
UN 2002
2015–2020
16 years
5.7k
4.88k
−14.3%
UN 2004
2015–2020
14 years
5.66k
4.88k
−13.7%
UN 2006
2015–2020
12 years
5.88k
4.88k
−17%
UN 2008
2015–2020
10 years
6.16k
4.88k
−20.8%
UN 2010
2015–2020
8 years
6k
4.88k
−18.6%
UN 2012
2015–2020
6 years
6.07k
4.88k
−19.6%
UN 2015
2015–2020
2 years
5.8k
4.88k
−15.9%
UN 2017
2015–2020
0 years
4.86k
4.88k
+0.5%
UN 2022
2023
1 year
4.59k
4.23k
−7.8%
Total fertility rate
children per woman
Actual
UN 1998
UN 2000
UN 2002
UN 2004
UN 2006
UN 2008
UN 2010
UN 2012
UN 2015
UN 2017
UN 2019
UN 2022
UN 2024, medium
Release
Target period
Horizon
Expected
Actual
Actual vs expected
UN 1998
2015–2020
20 years
1.90
2.13
+12%
UN 2000
2015–2020
18 years
1.90
2.13
+12%
UN 2002
2015–2020
16 years
1.87
2.13
+14.1%
UN 2004
2015–2020
14 years
1.86
2.13
+14.5%
UN 2006
2015–2020
12 years
1.96
2.13
+8.8%
UN 2008
2015–2020
10 years
1.96
2.13
+8.8%
UN 2010
2015–2020
8 years
1.99
2.13
+6.8%
UN 2012
2015–2020
6 years
2.03
2.13
+5%
UN 2015
2015–2020
2 years
2.11
2.13
+1.1%
UN 2017
2015–2020
0 years
1.92
2.13
+10.9%
UN 2022
2023
1 year
2.02
2.09
+3.5%
All indicators
Demography
Population
377k persons, 1 July latest value, 2023
Population on 1 July. UN estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024; past UN revisions for forecast checks.