Population
38.5k persons, 1 July latest value, 2023
Population on 1 July. UN estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024; past UN revisions for forecast checks.
Gibraltar
All indicators of the Macroscope base for Gibraltar, with sources. Below: what past UN and IMF releases projected and what actually happened.
What the data shows
Computed with the same code as the observations under the main chart and in the API (get_insights). Moving together in time does not prove a cause.
How the indicators changed
- Fertility (TFR): 2.68 in 1950 → 1.89 in 2023 (−30%). Peak: 4.26 in 1964; the latest value is 56% lower. Threshold: below 2.1 since 2002. The trend broke around 1964 and 1973: +0.09 → −0.13 → −0.02 a year.
- Births: 0.52k in 1950 → 0.46k in 2023 (−11%). Peak: 0.64k in 1964; the latest value is 27% lower. The trend broke around 1981 and 2004: 0k → −0.01k → +0.01k a year.
- Population: 21.7k in 1950 → 38.5k in 2023 (+78%). The trend broke around 1979 and 2001: +0.3k → −0.07k → +0.47k a year.
- Internet: 0% in 1990 → 94.4% in 2016 (+94 pp). Thresholds: above 10% since 2000, above 50% since 2007, above 90% since 2016. Fastest growth in 2004–2009: 32.9% → 65.1%.
- Urban share: 100% in 1960 → 100% in 2025 (0 pp).
What changed at the same time
- The fastest decline of "Fertility (TFR)" was in 1964–1974: 4.26 → 2.60. Over the same years: births 0.64k → 0.52k; population 23.3k → 27.8k; urban share 100% → 100%; no data for the others in those years.
- Over the last 10 years (2013–2023): fertility (TFR) 2.10 → 1.89; births 0.43k → 0.46k; population 32.4k → 38.5k; internet 65% (2012); urban share 100% → 100%.
How the indicators relate
- Fertility (TFR) and internet (1990–2016, 18 years): levels are noticeably related, in opposite directions (r = −0.45); year-to-year changes show no reliable link (r = 0.29).
Forecasts vs actual
- Fertility (TFR): past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 0 of 1 revisions (2022–2022) and above in 1; median gap +3.7%.
- Fertility (TFR): UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 1.81 (−4% vs 2023), 2100 — 1.74 (−8% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 1.24.
- Births: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 0 of 1 revisions (2022–2022) and above in 1; median gap +36%.
- Births: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 0.5k (+8% vs 2023), 2100 — 0.44k (−6% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 0.18k.
- Population: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 0 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and above in 12; median gap +31%.
- Population: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 49.8k (+29% vs 2023), 2100 — 49.3k (+28% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 35.3k.
UN projections vs actual
Solid line: actual data, UN WPP 2024 estimates to 2023, then national statistics where comparable with the UN. Dashed: medium variants of past UN revisions. The table shows what each revision expected for the latest year (or five-year period) with actual data.
Population
persons, 1 July
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2023 | 25 years | 21.6k | 38.5k | +77.7% |
| UN 2000 | 2023 | 23 years | 24.9k | 38.5k | +54.2% |
| UN 2002 | 2023 | 21 years | 26.7k | 38.5k | +43.9% |
| UN 2004 | 2023 | 19 years | 28.1k | 38.5k | +36.8% |
| UN 2006 | 2023 | 17 years | 29.3k | 38.5k | +31.3% |
| UN 2008 | 2023 | 15 years | 31.6k | 38.5k | +21.6% |
| UN 2010 | 2023 | 13 years | 29.4k | 38.5k | +30.7% |
| UN 2012 | 2023 | 11 years | 29.3k | 38.5k | +31.2% |
| UN 2015 | 2023 | 8 years | 32.7k | 38.5k | +17.5% |
| UN 2017 | 2023 | 6 years | 35.3k | 38.5k | +8.9% |
| UN 2019 | 2023 | 4 years | 33.7k | 38.5k | +14.1% |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 32.7k | 38.5k | +17.7% |
Births
births per year
- Actual
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 0.34k | 0.46k | +36.5% |
Total fertility rate
children per woman
- Actual
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 1.82 | 1.89 | +3.7% |
All indicators
Demography
Births
0.46k births per year latest value, 2023
Live births per calendar year. UN WPP 2024 and national statistics (64 countries, 2015-2025).
Total fertility rate
1.89 children per woman latest value, 2023
Average number of children a woman would have at the age-specific fertility rates of the year.
Life expectancy at birth, women
86.1 years latest value, 2023
Years a newborn girl would live at the mortality rates of the year (UN).
Life expectancy at birth, men
80.9 years latest value, 2023
Years a newborn boy would live at the mortality rates of the year (UN).
Median age
38.9 years latest value, 2023
Age that divides the population in two halves (UN).
Mean age of mothers at childbirth
30.4 years latest value, 2023
Mean age of mothers at the birth of their children of any order (UN).
Sex ratio at birth
106.5 boys per 100 girls latest value, 2023
Boys born per 100 girls born (UN).
Net migration
0.69k persons per year latest value, 2023
Immigrants minus emigrants per year (UN estimate and projection).
Old-age dependency
29.8 persons 65+ per 100 aged 20-64 latest value, 2020
Persons aged 65+ per 100 aged 20-64, every five years (UN).
Digitalisation
Internet users
94.4 % of population latest value, 2016
Share of individuals who used the Internet in the last three months from any device. ITU data.
Mobile cellular subscriptions
97.6 per 100 people latest value, 2022
Active mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 people; can exceed 100 when people have several SIM cards. ITU data.
Fixed broadband subscriptions
61 subscriptions per 100 people latest value, 2022
Fixed subscriptions to high-speed Internet (256 kbit/s or more) per 100 people. ITU data.
Society
Urban population
100 % of population latest value, 2025
Share of people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices (World Bank, from UN World Urbanization Prospects).
Life expectancy at birth
83.6 years latest value, 2024
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes (World Bank, from UN and national statistics).
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