Computed with the same code as the observations under the main chart and in the API (get_insights). Moving together in time does not prove a cause.
How the indicators changed
Fertility (TFR): 6.86 in 1950 → 4.62 in 2023 (−33%). Peak: 7.53 in 1975; the latest value is 39% lower. The trend broke around 1978 and 2004: +0.03 → −0.12 → +0.01 a year.
Births: 1.04k in 1950 → 11.2k in 2023 (×11). The trend broke around 1977 and 2011: +0.04k → +0.17k → +0.29k a year.
Population: 20.5k in 1950 → 316k in 2023 (×15). The trend broke around 1982: change sped up (+0.98k → +5.72k a year).
What changed at the same time
The fastest decline of "Fertility (TFR)" was in 1980–1990: 7.32 → 6.05. Over the same years: births 2.37k → 4.04k; population 50.2k → 89.6k.
Over the last 10 years (2013–2023): fertility (TFR) 4.43 → 4.62; births 7.94k → 11.2k; population 227k → 316k.
Forecasts vs actual
Fertility (TFR): past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 0 of 6 revisions (2008–2022) and above in 6; median gap +23%.
Fertility (TFR): UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 3.27 (−29% vs 2023), 2100 — 2.20 (−52% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 1.70.
Births: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 0 of 6 revisions (2008–2022) and above in 6; median gap +31%.
The UN 2010 projection did not expect today's level (11.2k, 2023) before its horizon ended (2097).
The UN 2022 projection expected today's level (11.2k, 2023) only around 2028: reality is 5 years ahead of it.
Births: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 16.2k (+45% vs 2023), 2100 — 20k (+79% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 11.1k.
Population: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 1 of 7 revisions (2008–2022) and above in 6; median gap +7.8%.
The UN 2008 projection expected today's level (316k, 2023) only around 2034: reality is 11 years ahead of it.
The UN 2019 projection expected today's level (316k, 2023) only around 2027: reality is 4 years ahead of it.
Population: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 645k (+104% vs 2023), 2100 — 1.38M (×4.4 vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 1.04M.
UN projections vs actual
Solid line: actual data, UN WPP 2024 estimates to 2023, then national statistics where comparable with the UN. Dashed: medium variants of past UN revisions. The table shows what each revision expected for the latest year (or five-year period) with actual data.
Population
persons, 1 July
Actual
UN 2008
UN 2010
UN 2012
UN 2015
UN 2017
UN 2019
UN 2022
UN 2024, medium
Release
Target period
Horizon
Expected
Actual
Actual vs expected
UN 2008
2023
15 years
266k
316k
+18.7%
UN 2010
2023
13 years
291k
316k
+8.6%
UN 2012
2023
11 years
283k
316k
+11.7%
UN 2015
2023
8 years
294k
316k
+7.6%
UN 2017
2023
6 years
294k
316k
+7.7%
UN 2019
2023
4 years
293k
316k
+7.8%
UN 2022
2023
1 year
336k
316k
−6%
Births
births per year
Actual
UN 2008
UN 2010
UN 2012
UN 2015
UN 2017
UN 2019
UN 2022
UN 2024, medium
Release
Target period
Horizon
Expected
Actual
Actual vs expected
UN 2008
2015–2020
10 years
5.25k
9.53k
+81.5%
UN 2010
2015–2020
8 years
7.26k
9.53k
+31.3%
UN 2012
2015–2020
6 years
6.5k
9.53k
+46.7%
UN 2015
2015–2020
2 years
7.25k
9.53k
+31.4%
UN 2017
2015–2020
0 years
7.25k
9.53k
+31.5%
UN 2022
2023
1 year
10.8k
11.2k
+3.7%
Total fertility rate
children per woman
Actual
UN 2008
UN 2010
UN 2012
UN 2015
UN 2017
UN 2019
UN 2022
UN 2024, medium
Release
Target period
Horizon
Expected
Actual
Actual vs expected
UN 2008
2015–2020
10 years
2.48
4.61
+85.9%
UN 2010
2015–2020
8 years
3.84
4.61
+20%
UN 2012
2015–2020
6 years
3.47
4.61
+32.8%
UN 2015
2015–2020
2 years
3.73
4.61
+23.5%
UN 2017
2015–2020
0 years
3.73
4.61
+23.5%
UN 2022
2023
1 year
4.30
4.62
+7.3%
All indicators
Demography
Population
316k persons, 1 July latest value, 2023
Population on 1 July. UN estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024; past UN revisions for forecast checks.